| Ophthalmic drugs (cataract) |
Nepafenac is a novel ophthalmic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), for the treatment of eye pain and inflammation caused by cataract surgery, compared with traditional NSAIDs, chemical structure of Nepafenac is conducive to make it rapidly penetrate the cornea and distribute to its target site, which is helpful to reduce the accumulation of the drug in the corneal surface and to reduce the incidence of complications of the eye surface, it has many advantages such as infiltration, targeting strong, little toxic side effects and so on.
August 19, 2005 ,the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved nepafenac ophthalmic suspension for the treatment of cataract surgery-related pain and inflammation, it is the first ophthalmic NSAID prodrug formulation approved for marketing.
Nepafenac after ocular administration, can rapidly pass through the cornea , and under the action of eye tissue hydrolytic enzymes,it can become into ammonia diclofenac (a kind of NSAID); and ammonia diclofenac by inhibiting prostaglandin H synthase ( cyclooxygenase), can block prostaglandin synthesis to play its role as an anti-inflammatory analgesic. As is known, prostaglandin is one of the media causing ocular inflammation it can lead to blood-aqueous barrier crash, vasodilatation, increased vascular permeability and leukocyte chemotaxis, etc. In addition, prostaglandins can also control contraction of the iris sphincter through non-cholinergic mechanism which can trigger the miosis reaction during eye surgery and after surgery. After ocular administration of NSAIDs, it can inhibit prostaglandins synthesis in the iris, ciliary body and conjunctiva, so people can prevent eye inflammation, and reduce the associated pain.
The above information is edited by the chemicalbook of Tian Ye. |
