Home >> Product >> Benzene ring series >> Trifluoroacetic acid
- Product Name: Trifluoroacetic acid
- Synonyms: Aceticacid,trifluoro-;CF3COOH;Kyselina trifluoroctova;kyselinatrifluoroctova;Trifluoracetic acid
- CAS No.: 76-05-1
- Molecular Formula: C2HF3O2
- Molecular Weight : 114.02
- Specification : 98%
- Place of Origin: China
- Appearance :
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Description of Trifluoroacetic acid
| Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical Properties | |
| Melting point | -15 °C |
| Boiling point | 72.4 °C(lit.) |
| density | 1.535 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| vapor density | 3.9 (vs air) |
| vapor pressure | 97.5 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| refractive index | n |
| Fp | None |
| storage temp. | 2-8°C |
| solubility | Miscible with ether, acetone, ethanol, benzene, hexane, and CCl<sub>4</sub> |
| pka | -0.3(at 25℃) |
| form | Liquid |
| color | Colorless |
| PH | 1 (10g/l, H2O) |
| Water Solubility | miscible |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| Merck | 14,9681 |
| BRN | 742035 |
| Stability: | Stable. Incompatible with combustible material, strong bases, water, strong oxidizing agents. Non-combustible. Hygroscopic. May react violently with bases. |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 76-05-1(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | Acetic acid, trifluoro-(76-05-1) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Acetic acid, trifluoro-(76-05-1) |
| Safety Information | |
| Hazard Codes | C,T,Xi |
| Risk Statements | 20-35-52/53-34 |
| Safety Statements | 9-26-27-28-45-61-28A-36/37/39 |
| RIDADR | UN 2699 8/PG 1 |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS | AJ9625000 |
| F | 3 |
| Hazard Note | Toxic/Corrosive |
| TSCA | T |
| HazardClass | 8 |
| PackingGroup | I |
| HS Code | 29159080 |
| Hazardous Substances Data | 76-05-1(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| Toxicity | LD50 i.v. in mice: 1200 mg/kg (Airaksinen, Tammisto) |
| Trifluoroacetic acid Usage And Synthesis | |
| description | Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA, molecular formula: CF3COOH) is a kind of colorless, volatile and fuming liquid with a similar odor as acetic acid. It is hygroscopic and has irritating odor. It has strong acidic property due to being affected by the electron-attracting trifluoromethyl group with its acidicity being 100000 higher than acetic acid. It has a melting point being-15.2 ℃, boiling point being 72.4 ℃, and the density being 1.5351g/cm3 (1℃). It is miscible with water, fluorinated hydrocarbons, methanol, ethanol, ethyl ether, acetone, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, and hexane; it is partially soluble in carbon disulfide and alkane containing more than six carbons. It is an excellent solvent of protein and polyester. It is also a good solvent for the organic reaction which allows obtaining certain results which are difficult in the cases of application of common solvents. For example, when quinolone is being catalyzed for hydrogenation in a common solvent, the pyridine ring is preferentially hydrogenated; in contrast, the benzene ring will be preferentially hydrogenated in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid as the solvent. Trifluoroacetic acid is decomposed into carbon dioxide and fluorine in the presence of aniline. It can be reduced by sodium borohydride or lithium aluminum hydride into trifluoroacetic acetaldehyde and trifluoro-ethanol. It is stable at temperature higher than 205 ℃ stable. But its ester and amides derivatives are easily subject to hydrolysis which allows them to prepare carbohydrate, amino acids, and peptide derivative in the form of acid or anhydride. It is easily to be dehydrated under action of phosphorus pentoxide and be converted to trifluoroacetic anhydride. Trifluoroacetic acid is a kind of important intermediates of fat fluorine. Owing to the special structure of trifluoromethyl, it has a different property from other alcohols and can participate in a variety of organic reactions, especially being used in the field of the synthesis of fluorine-containing pharmaceutical, pesticides and dyes. Its domestic and foreign demand is increasing and has become one of the important intermediates for fluorine-containing fine chemicals. |
| chemical properties | It is colorless, volatile fuming liquid with a similar odor as acetic acid. It is hygroscopic and has stimulating smell. It is miscible with water, fluorinated alkanes, methanol, benzene, ether, carbon tetrachloride and hexane. It can partially dissolve alkane with over six carbons as well as carbon disulfide. |
| pKa | Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) is a kind of strong acid with its pKa being 0.23. It can stimulate the body tissue and skin. However, it is only slightly toxic. However, its enrichment in immobilizing surface water will affect agriculture and aquatic systems. Moreover, TFA can generate greenhouse gases CHF3 after undergoing the microbial degradation. The above information is edited by the chemicalbook of Dai Xiongfeng. |
| uses | Trifluoroacetic acid is mainly for the production of new pesticide, medicine and dyes, and also has great potential of application and development in the fields of materials and solvents. Trifluoroacetic acid is mainly used for the synthesis of various kinds of trifluoromethyl group or heterocyclic containing herbicides. It is currently available for synthesizing various kinds of novel herbicide containing pyridyl and qunoilyl; acting as a strong proton acid, it is widely applied as the catalyst for alkylation, acylation, and olefin polymerization of aromatic compound; as a solvent, trifluoroacetic acid is a kind of excellent solvent for fluorination, nitration and halogenations. In particular, the excellent protective effect of its trifluoroacetyl derivatives on hydroxy and amino group has very important application in the synthesis of amino acid and poly-peptide synthesis, for example, the compound can be used as the protection agent of tert-butoxycarbonyl (t-boc) which is used for removing amino acids during the synthesis of poly-peptide. Trifluoroacetic acid, as the raw material and modifier for the preparation of the ion membrane, can largely improve the current efficiency of soda industry and significantly extend the working life of the membrane; trifluoroacetic acid can also be used for synthesizing trifluoro-ethanol, trifluoroacetic acetaldehyde and trifluoroacetic anhydride. At room temperature, the mercury trifluoroacetic acid can have mercury-fluorophenyl be able to have mercuration reaction (electrophilic substitution), and can also convert hydrazone to diazo compound. The lead salt of this acid can convert arene to phenol. In the experiment of reverse phase chromatography for isolation of peptides and proteins, using trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) as the ion-pairing reagents is a common approach. Trifluoroacetic acid in the mobile phase can improve the peak shape and overcome the problem of the peak broadening and trailing issue through interaction with hydrophobic bonded phase and residual polar surface in a variety of models. Trifluoroacetic acid has an advantage over other ion modifier due to that it is volatile and can be easily removed from the sample preparation. On the other hand, the maximum UV absorption peak of trifluoroacetic acid is less than 200 nm, and thus having very small interference on the detection of polypeptides at low wavelengths. |
| Applications in HPLC | In the experiment of reverse phase chromatography for isolation of peptides and proteins, using trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) as the ion-pairing reagents is a common approach. Trifluoroacetic acid in the mobile phase can improve the peak shape and overcome the problem of the peak broadening and trailing issue through interaction with hydrophobic bonded phase and residual polar surface in a variety of models. Trifluoroacetic acid can bind to the positive charge and polar groups on the polypeptide in order to reduce the polar retention, and bring the polypeptide back to the hydrophobic inverting surface. With the same way, trifluoroacetate shield the residual polar surface in fixed phase. The behavior of TFA can be understood as it stuck in the phase surface of the reverse phase fixed phase, while having interaction with the polypeptide and column bed. Trifluoroacetic acid has an advantage over other ion modifier due to that it is volatile and can be easily removed from the sample preparation. On the other hand, the maximum UV absorption peak of trifluoroacetic acid is less than 200 nm, and thus having very small interference on the detection of polypeptides at low wavelengths. Varying the concentration of trifluoroacetic acid can slightly adjust the selectivity of polypeptide on reverse phase chromatography. The impact is very useful for optimizing separation conditions, increasing the amount of information contained in complex chromatography assay (such as the fingerprint of polypeptide). Trifluoroacetic acid was added to the mobile phase in a general concentration of 0.1%. At this concentration, most of the reversed-phase column can produce good peak shape. In contrast, if the concentration of trifluoroacetic acid is significantly below this level, the peak broadening and tailing would become very obvious. Trifluoroacetic acid has a good efficacy in the separation of proteins and other macromolecules. However, during the actual usage, we have a difficult time in controlling TFA concentrations because it is a volatile substance. If you configure it for a long time, it will be volatile causing change in the concentration. After completion of preparing it, it must be sealed for prevention of its evaporation. |
| preparation | Trifluoroacetic acid is an important reagent in organic synthesis. Starting from it, it can be used for synthesizing a variety of fluorine-containing compounds, pesticides and dyes. Trifluoroacetic acid is a catalyst for esterification and condensation; it can also be used as the protecting agent of hydroxy and amino group which is applied to the synthesis of sugars and peptides. Preparation of trifluoroacetic acid has a variety of routes: 1. Obtain it through the oxidation of 1, 3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene by potassium permanganate. 2. acetic acid (alternatively; acetyl chloride or acetic anhydride) can have electrochemical fluorination with hydrofluoric acid and sodium fluoride and then be hydrolyzed. 3. it can be obtained by the oxidation of 1, 1, 1-trifluoro-2, 3, 3-trichloropropene through potassium permanganate. This raw material can be made through the Swarts fluorination of hexachloropropylene. 4. Prepared from the oxidation of 2,3-dichloro-hexafluoro-2-butene. 5. it can be generated by the reaction between trichloro-acetonitrile and hydrogen fluoride, which generates trifluoromethyl acetonitrile, which further undergoes hydrolysis to obtain the product. 6. obtained through the oxidation of benzotrifluoride. |
| Production method | 1. It can be obtained by the oxidation of 2,3-Dichloro-hexafluoro-2-butene; 2. take fluorine as a catalyst of the oxidation reaction of 2,3-dichloro-hexafluoro-2-butene for producing it; 3 from the oxidation of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene through potassium permanganate, or reaction between trichloro-acetonitrile and hydrogen fluoride, which generates trifluoromethyl acetonitrile, which further undergoes hydrolysis to obtain the product. Moreover, it can also made through the electrochemical fluorination of acetic acid (or acetic anhydride). |
| Chemical Properties | Colorless, fuming liquid; hygroscopic; pungent odor. Very soluble in water. Nonflammable. |
| Uses | Mainly used as an fluorine-containing intermediate in fine chemical, pharmaceutical, pesticide and dye. It is used as a raw material in the process of glass coating , sugar and polypeptide synthetic. It is used as a catalyst in esterification reaction and condensation reaction and a protective agent for hydroxyl and amino. |
| Uses | Suitable for peptide and protein synthesis. |
| Uses | In organic synthesis; dissolves protein when mixed with liquid SO2. |
| General Description | A colorless fuming liquid with a pungent odor. Soluble in water and denser than water. Corrosive to skin, eyes and mucous membranes. Used to make other chemicals and as a solvent. |
| Air & Water Reactions | Fumes in air. Soluble in water. |
| Reactivity Profile | Trifluoroacetic acid is a strong acid; attacks many metals [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 935]. A 30% solution of hydrogen peroxide in Trifluoroacetic acid is often used to destructively oxidize aromatic rings in preference to the side chains. Explosions have occurred, if the excess peroxide is not catalytically destroyed, prior to removal of solvent, [Tetrahedron Lett., 1977, 1703-1704]. The reduction of amides of Trifluoroacetic acid with lithium aluminum hydride are dangerous at all phases of the process, explosions have occurred, [Chem. Eng. News, 1955, 33, 1368]. |
| Health Hazard | TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. |
| Fire Hazard | Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. |
| Purification Methods | The purification of trifluoroacetic acid, reported in earlier editions of this work, by refluxing over KMnO4 for 24hours and slowly distilling has resulted in very SERIOUS EXPLOSIONS on various occasions, but not always. This apparently depends on the source and/or age of the acid. The method is NOT RECOMMENDED. Water can be removed by adding trifluoroacetic anhydride (0.05%, to diminish water content) and distilling. [Conway & Novak J Phys Chem 81 1459 1977]. It can be refluxed and distilled from P2O5. It is further purified by fractional crystallisation by partial freezing and again distilled. Highly TOXIC vapour. Work in an efficient fume hood. [Beilstein 2 IV 458.] |
| Trifluoroacetic acid Preparation Products And Raw materials | |
| Preparation Products | PYRIDIN-3-YLMETHYL-HYDRAZINE-->PYRIDIN-4-YLMETHYL-HYDRAZINE-->1-(3-PYRROLIDINOPROPYL)PIPERAZINE-->Ceftibuten-->Octreotide acetate-->Ziprasidone-->Arbekacin-->(S)-2-Methylproline-->1-TERT-BUTYL-3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)-1H-PYRAZOLE-->4-CHLORO-6-HYDRAZINO-PYRIMIDIN-5-YLAMINE-->4-AMINO-6-CHLOROPYRIMIDIN-5-YLAMINE-->2-(4-PENTYLBENZOYL)-1-BENZOFURAN-5-CARBALDEHYDE-->5-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)-1-METHYL-1H-PYRAZOLE-->5-AMINO-6-CHLORO-PYRIMIDIN-4-OL-->1-TERT-BUTYL-5-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)-1H-PYRAZOLE-->4-AMINO-2,6-DIBROMOPYRIDINE-->3-BROMO-5-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)BENZENESULFONYL CHLORIDE-->2,2,2-TRIFLUORO-1-(3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)-1-PHENYL-1H-PYRAZOL-4-YL)ETHANONE-->FENPICLONIL-->LIMAPROST-->Pravastatin-->Cefcapene pivoxil-->2-(4-FLUOROBENZOYL)-1-BENZOFURAN-5-CARBALDEHYDE-->1H-PYRROLO[2,3-B]PYRIDINE, 4-NITRO--->4-bromo-2-(trifluoromethyl)quinoline-->1,7-DIDEAZAADENINE-->Cefteram pivoxil-->Quinapril-->4-HYDROXY-2-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)QUINOLINE-->2-(4-BROMOBENZOYL)-1-BENZOFURAN-5-CARBALDEHYDE-->1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine, 4-nitro-, 7-oxide-->Alacepril-->2-(4-CHLOROBENZOYL)-1-BENZOFURAN-5-CARBALDEHYDE-->2,4,6-Trichloropyridine-->1,2,3,9-Tetrahydro-4(H)-carbazol-4-one-->Cefbuperazone-->LAZABEMIDE-->Isepamicine-->Lisinopril-->Methyl trifluoroacetate |
| Raw materials | Acetic anhydride-->Hydrofluoric acid-->Benzotrifluoride-->Trifluoropropene-->Trichloroacetonitrile-->Trifluoroacetonitrile-->2,3-DICHLOROHEXAFLUORO-2-BUTENE |
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